英語語法謂語語法解析
英語語法謂語語法解析
你知道英語中的謂語是什么嗎?它在句子中充當(dāng)什么成分?下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編給大家整理的英語語法謂語解析，供大家參閱!
英語語法謂語解析
謂語(predicate verb)是對(duì)主語動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的陳述或說明，指出“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么樣”。謂語動(dòng)詞的位置一般在主語之后。
謂語由動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成，依據(jù)其在句中繁簡(jiǎn)程度可把謂語分為簡(jiǎn)單謂語和復(fù)合謂語兩類。不論何種時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣，凡由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞(或動(dòng)詞詞組)構(gòu)成的謂語都是簡(jiǎn)單謂語。
謂語動(dòng)詞一般由動(dòng)詞的各種時(shí)態(tài)來體現(xiàn)。例如：
I like walking. (一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主動(dòng)語態(tài))
I made your birthday cake last night. (一般過去時(shí)主動(dòng)語態(tài))
It is used by travellers and business people all over the world. (一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài))
復(fù)合謂語也可分為兩種情況：
第一種是由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞+不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式構(gòu)成的復(fù)合謂語：
What does this word mean?
I won't do it again.
You'd better catch a bus.
第二種是由連系動(dòng)詞+表語構(gòu)成的復(fù)合謂語。例如：
The weather gets warmer, and the days get longer.
Keep quiet and listen to me.
He looked worried.
英語語法謂語解析：并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí)謂語用復(fù)數(shù)
Reading and writing are very important.
注意： 當(dāng)主語由and連結(jié)時(shí)，如果它表示一個(gè)單一的概念，即指同一人或同一物時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，and 此時(shí)連接的兩個(gè)詞前只有一個(gè)冠詞。
The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.
典型例題
The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
答案B. 注： 先從時(shí)態(tài)上考慮。這是過去發(fā)生的事情應(yīng)用過去時(shí)，先排除A.，C.。本題易誤選D，因?yàn)門he League secretary and monitor 好象是兩個(gè)人，但仔細(xì)辨別， monitor 前沒有the，在英語中，當(dāng)一人兼數(shù)職時(shí)只在第一個(gè)職務(wù)前加定冠詞。后面的職務(wù)用and 相連。這樣本題主語為一個(gè)人，所以應(yīng)選B。
英語語法謂語解析：謂語動(dòng)詞與前面的主語一致
當(dāng)主語后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等詞引起的短語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與前面的主語一致。
The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.
He as well as I wants to go boating.
英語語法謂語解析：謂語需用單數(shù)
1) 代詞each和由every, some, no, any等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞作主語，或主語中含有each, every, 謂語需用單數(shù)。
Each of us has a tape-recorder.
There is something wrong with my watch.
2) 當(dāng)主語是一本書或一條格言時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)。
The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.
<<天方夜譚>>是英語愛好者熟悉的一本好書。
3) 表示金錢，時(shí)間，價(jià)格或度量衡的復(fù)合名詞作主語 時(shí)，通常把這些名詞看作一個(gè)整體，謂語一般用單數(shù)。(用復(fù)數(shù)也可，意思不變。)
Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.
Ten yuan is enough.
英語語法謂語解析：指代意義決定謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)
1) 在代詞what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由其指代的詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定。
All is right. (一切順利。)
All are present. (所有人都到齊了。)
2) 集體名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語的數(shù)要根據(jù)主語的意思來決定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等詞后用復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí)，意為這個(gè)集體中的各個(gè)成員，用單數(shù)時(shí)表示該個(gè)集體。
His family isn't very large. 他家不是一個(gè)大家庭。
His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音樂愛好者。
但集合名詞people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情況下都用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
Are there any police around?
3)有些名詞，如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有時(shí)看作單數(shù)，有時(shí)看作復(fù)數(shù)。
A number of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)+復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。
The number of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)+單數(shù)動(dòng)詞。
A number of books have lent out.
The majority of the students like English.
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