醫學英語短文閱讀專業短篇閱讀
醫學英語短文閱讀專業短篇閱讀
多閱讀一些醫學的短篇英語閱讀，對于醫科專業的學習提高會有所幫助，今天學習啦小編在這里為大家分享一些醫學英語短文閱讀，歡迎大家閱讀!
醫學英語短文閱讀：肝的微細結構
When viewed under a microscope, the liver is seen as large network of units called hepatic lobules. The hepatic lobule is very small and looks like a six-sided cylinder.
The lobule itself is surrounded by connective tissue and has 5 to 7 clusters of vessels around its edges. These vessels include a branch of the portal vein, a branch of the hepatic artery, and a bile duct.
A central vein runs through the middle of the lobe and is surrounded by cords of liver cells that radiate out in all directions. Between these cords are wide thinwalled blood vessels called sinusoids. All of the blood drains into a hepatic vein which then circulates throughout the body.
在顯微鏡下，肝臟是由肝小葉為單位的網狀結構。肝小葉非常小，是六棱柱體。
小葉的周圍是結締組織，邊緣圍繞著5-7串脈管，有門靜脈、肝動脈和膽小管。
小葉的中央由中央靜脈穿過，周圍被向四周呈放射狀排列的肝細胞索包圍。在索之間是擴大了的毛細血管叫血竇。所有的血液都流入肝靜脈參與體循環。
醫學英語短文閱讀：器官移植
Normal human cells can also become foreign invaders. When an organ such as a liver is transplant (moved) form one person to another, cells from the transplanted organ are seen as enemy invaders by the immune system of the person receiving the organ. The cells of the transplanted organ set off an immunological attack. Killer T cells and antibodies rush to the site, causing organ rejection, and the organ dies. Physicians solve this problem in part with medicines that suppress, or slow down, the immune system.
正常的人體細胞也可能成為外來的入侵者，例如，一個人的肝臟器官移植到另一個人的身體內，接受者的免疫系統視來自被移植器官的細胞為入侵的敵人。被移植器官的細胞將發動一場免疫攻勢，殺傷T細胞和抗體就會沖到現場，引起排斥反應，而且這個被移植的器官就會死亡。醫生們可以使用抑制或減緩免疫系統的藥物部分地解決這一難題。
醫學英語短文閱讀：外籍護士離去 英醫院陷人員危機
Hospitals in London could face a future staffing crisis as overseas nurses consider heading to work elsewhere, a study has revealed.
Research by the Royal College of Nursing (RCN) and the King's Fund think-tank showed that four out of 10 overseas nurses in the capital admitted that they were thinking about leaving the NHS to take up jobs in other countries.
The study also found that two-thirds of Filipino nurses working in London - one of the largest overseas nursing staff groups - were considering quitting the UK to work in the US.
Report author Prof James Buchan said: "The NHS and independent health care sectors rely heavily on overseas nurses to deliver health care - without them, parts of the health service would collapse.
"They perform a crucial and valuable role but our survey shows the NHS is playing a high risk game by relying on these overseas staff to commit long term to the NHS.
"Many of these nurses are considering leaving the NHS and that would pose real problems.
"It's clear the NHS needs to up its efforts to grow its own workforce to ensure we have the right number of nurses for the future."
The study involved almost 400 nurses from more than 30 different countries who were also asked about why they chose to work in the UK and how long they intended to stay.
While the UK has banned active recruitment from many developing countries to the NHS, the research found there was still evidence of "back-door recruitment".
Many nurses said they had initially worked for private sector employers in the UK before moving to the NHS soon after completing an adaptation course.
最近的一項研究顯示，由于外籍護士紛紛打算去其他國家另謀高就，倫敦的很多醫院都將面臨人手緊缺的窘境。
據英國《每日郵報》網站5月18日報道，由英國皇家護理學院(RCN)和國王基金會共同完成的這項研究顯示，在倫敦各醫院里的外籍護士中，有40%的人承認他們有過脫離英國國民衛生服務體系(NHS)轉而去其他國家開始新的職業生涯的想法。
該研究報告的作者詹姆斯·巴肯教授表示：“英國國民衛生服務體系和那些獨立的衛生保健部門均高度依賴于這些外籍護士所提供的相關服務，沒有了他們，部分公共醫療衛生服務體系將會瀕于崩潰。”
巴肯說：“這些人在實際工作中扮演著至關重要且卓有成效的角色，但我們的研究顯示，NHS指望這些人長期為其提供服務的做法不啻于在玩一種具有高度危險性的游戲。”“這些護士中的大部分人正在考慮脫離NHS，而此舉勢必會帶來許多現實問題。”
他還說：“很顯然，NHS需要作出更大努力來培育真正屬于自己的人力資源，這樣我們才能夠保證在將來依然可以擁有正常數量的護士。”
此項研究涉及來自30多個不同國家的近400名護士，這些人還被問及為何選擇來英工作以及打算在英停留的時間。研究稱，英國最大的外籍護士群體之一、在倫敦工作的菲律賓護士中，有三分之二的人打算放棄現有工作，前往美國闖蕩一番。
研究還發現，盡管英國政府明令禁止從發展中國家大規模引進NHS的服務人員，但有證據表明那種“偷偷摸摸的招聘”依然屢見不鮮。
很多外籍護士表示，他們初到英國時一般先去私營部門工作，在完成相關培訓課程后不久便跳槽到NHS尋求新的崗位。
醫學英語短文閱讀：以病人為中心的醫療保健
if patient-centered medicine is to become a widespread reality in academic medical centers, educational initiatives must include reform of the medical record. the medical record is part of the hidden, or informal, curriculum of medical school and residency that defines for students and residents the essential ingredients of competent medical care. whatever its merits, the conventional, problem-oriented medical record (pomr) is a pathology-oriented record that helps perpetuate a disease-focused, biomedical model of practice
如果以病人為中心的醫學成為現實，在所以的教學計劃中也就應該包含醫療記錄的改革。常規的、以疾病為中心的醫療記錄(pomr)也就是病理記錄，它有助于維護以疾病為中心的生物醫學模式。
patient-centered medicine requires a patient-centered medical record (pcmr), one that addresses the person and perspective of the patient as competently as it addresses the patient's disease. the author proposes a pcmr that includes a concise, upfront patient profile; speaks of "chief concerns," not "chief complaints"; makes patient perspective a captioned component of the history of present illness; replaces the pomr's formula soap (subjective, objective, assessment, plan) with hoap (history, observations, assessment, plan); includes important patient perspectives on the problem list; and calls for additional, written attention to the person and perspective of the patient throughout the course of medical care
以病人為中心的醫學就要有一份以病人為中心的醫療記錄(pcmr)，它的對象是人。它要用主要問題來取代主訴;hoap(history, observations, assessment, plan)來取代soap(subjective, objective, assessment, plan)…。
patient-centered records can guide and teach clinicians at every level of training and experience to practice patient-centered medicine. moreover, such records can also provide measurable evidence that this teaching has been successful.
以病人為中心的病歷記錄可以指導并教育各級臨床醫務人員實踐以病人為中心的醫學，而且這些記錄也為評價教育情況提供了量化證據。
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