路由器的一般配置和簡單調試(3)

　　外型尺寸的選擇

　　如果網絡已完成樓宇級的綜合布線，工程要求網絡設備上機式集中管理，應選擇19英寸寬的機架式路由器，如Cisco2509、華為2501(配置同Cisco2501)。如果沒有上述需求，桌面型的路由器如Intel的8100和Cisco的1600系列，具有更高的性能價格比。

　　協議的選擇

　　由于最初局域網并沒先出標準后出產品，所以很多廠商如Apple和IBM都提出了自己的標準，產生了如AppleTalk和IBM協議，Novell公司的網絡操作系統運行IPX/SPX協議，在連接這些異構網絡時需要路由器對這些協議提供支持。Intel9100系列和9200系列的路由器可提供免費支持，3Com的系列路由產品也提供較廣泛的協議支持。

　　路由器作為網絡設備中的“黑匣子”，工作在后臺。用戶選擇路由器時，多從技術角度來考慮，如可延展性、路由協議互操作性、廣域數據服務支持、內部ATM支持、SAN集成能力等。另外，選擇路由器還應遵循如下基本原則：即標準化原則、技術簡單性原則、環境適應性原則、可管理性原則和容錯冗余性原則。對于高端路由器，更多的還應該考慮是否和如何適應骨干網對網絡高可靠性、接口高擴展性以及路由查找和數據轉發的高性能要求。高可靠性、高擴展性和高性能的“三高”特性是高端路由器區別于中、低端路由器的關鍵所在。

　　CISCO路由器初始配置簡介

　　很多初學路由器知識的網友對路由器的初始配置可能感到很陌生,本人在初學時也很困惑,因為一下出來很多提問不知如何是好,下面將最近剛調試的一臺CISCO3640的初始配置整理出來與各位網友交流,如有疏漏之處,還請大家指正。

　　1.用CISCO隨機帶CONSOLE線,一端連在CISCO路由器的CONSOLE口,一端連在計算機的COM口。

　　2.打開電腦,啟動超級終端.為您的連接取個名字,比如CISCO_SETUP,下一步選定連接時用COM1,下一步選定第秒位數9600,數據位8,奇偶校驗無,停止位1,數據流控制無.最后選確定。

　　3.打開路由器電源,這時超級終端將出現以下畫面:

　　System Bootstrap, Version 11.1(20)AA2, EARLY DEPLOYMENT RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

　　Copyright (c) 1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.C3600 processor with 32768 Kbytes of main memory Main memory is configured to 64 bit mode with parity disabled

　　program load complete, entry point: 0x80008000, size: 0x4ed478 Self decompressing the image :

　　[OK]

　　Restricted Rights Legend

　　Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is

　　subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph

　　(c) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted

　　Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph

　　(c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer

　　Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013.

　　cisco Systems, Inc.

　　170 West Tasman Drive

　　San Jose, California 95134-1706

　　Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software

　　IOS (tm) 3600 Software (C3640-I-M), Version 12.1(2)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

　　Copyright (c) 1986-2000 by cisco Systems, Inc.

　　Compiled Tue 16-May-00 12:26 by ccai

　　Image text-base: 0x600088F0, data-base: 0x60924000

　　cisco 3640 (R4700) processor (revision 0x00) with 24576K/8192K bytes of memory.

　　Processor board ID 25125768

　　R4700 CPU at 100Mhz, Implementation 33, Rev 1.0

　　Bridging software.

　　X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.

　　2 FastEthernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)

　　1 Serial network interface(s)

　　DRAM configuration is 64 bits wide with parity disabled.

　　125K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.

　　8192K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)

　　--- System Configuration Dialog ---

　　Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes/no]: y

　　您是否進入初始化配置對話,選Y

　　At any point you may enter a question mark '?' for help.

　　Use ctrl-c to abort configuration dialog at any prompt.

　　Default settings are in square brackets '[]'.Basic management setup configures only enough connectivity

　　for management of the system, extended setup will ask you

　　to configure each interface on the system

　　Would you like to enter basic management setup? [yes/no]: n

　　您是否進入基本配置安裝,選N

　　First, would you like to see the current interface summary? [yes]: y

　　首先,您是否看一下當前端口狀態

　　Any interface listed with OK? value "NO" does not have a valid configuration

　　Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol

　　FastEthernet0/0unassigned NO unset up down

　　Serial0/0 unassigned NO unset down down

　　FastEthernet0/1unassigned NO unset up down

　　Configuring global parameters:

　　Enter host name [Router]:RouterA

　　輸入路由器的名字

　　The enable secret is a password used to protect access to

　　privileged EXEC and configuration modes. This password, after

　　entered, becomes encrypted in the configuration.

　　Enter enable secret: aaa

　　輸入密文

　　The enable password is used when you do not specify an

　　enable secret password, with some older software versions, and

　　some boot images.

　　Enter enable password: bbb

　　輸入密碼(不能和密文相同)

　　The virtual terminal password is used to protect

　　access to the router over a network interface.

　　Enter virtual terminal password: ccc

　　輸入虛擬終端的密碼(以備遠程登錄)

　　Configure SNMP Network Management? [yes]: n

　　配置簡單網管嗎?選N

　　Configure IP? [yes]: y

　　配置IP嗎?選Y

　　Configure IGRP routing? [yes]: n

　　配置IGRP路由選擇協議嗎?選N

　　Configure RIP routing? [no]:

　　配置IGRP路由選擇協議嗎?選N

　　Configure bridging? [no]:

　　配置橋接嗎?選N

　　Async lines accept incoming modems calls. If you will have

　　users dialing in via modems, configure these lines.

　　Configure Async lines? [yes]: n

　　配置異步線路嗎?選N

　　Configuring interface parameters:

　　Do you want to configure FastEthernet0/0 interface? [yes]: y

　　您是否想配置fastethernet0/0接口?選Y

　　Use the 100 Base-TX (RJ-45) connector? [yes]: y

　　用RJ45的連接器嗎?選Y

　　Operate in full-duplex mode? [no]: y

　　選用全雙工模式?選Y

　　Configure IP on this interface? [yes]: y

　　在這個接口上配置IP嗎?選Y

　　IP address for this interface: 192.168.0.1

　　配置該接口的IP地址(在此地址為192.168.0.1

　　Subnet mask for this interface [255.255.255.0] :

　　配置該接口的子網掩碼.(默認的是255.255.255.0,可以手工輸入修改)

　　Class C network is 192.168.0.0, 24 subnet bits; mask is /24

　　Do you want to configure Serial0/0 interface? [yes]: y

　　您想配置serial0/0接口嗎?選Y

　　Some supported encapsulations are

　　ppp/hdlc/frame-relay/lapb/x25/atm-dxi/smds

　　Choose encapsulation type [hdlc]: