關于英語過去完成時的用法

關于英語過去完成時的用法

　　過去完成時(The Past Perfect Tense)：表示過去某一時間或動作以前已經發生或完成了的動作，對過去的某一點造成的某種影響或是結果。那么你們了解嗎?有沒有掌握呢?接下來小編在這里給大家帶來英語過去完成時的用法，我們一起來看看吧!

　　英語過去完成時的用法

　　過去完成時表示一個動作或狀態在過去某一時間或動作之前已經完成或結束，即“過去的過去”;也可以指過去的動作延續到過去的某個時刻。這里的過去時間可以用某個時間狀語表示，也可以通過上下文表示。

　　1. 表示一個動作或狀態在過去某一時間或動作之前已經完成或結束，也有可能早已結束或完成。例如：

　　When he was in Beijing, he visited places where he had played as a child. 他在北京的時候游覽了他兒時曾玩過的地方。

　　2. 表示一個過去的動作先于另一過去的動作的用法，這種情況多見于賓語從句。例如：

　　He remembered that he had left the key at home. 他記得他把鑰匙落家了。

　　3. 表示一個動作或狀態在過去某時之前已經開始，一直延續到這一過去時間，而且到那時還未結束，仍有繼續下去的可能性。例如：

　　By seven o’clock the worker had worked for ten hours. 到七點鐘為止，那位工人已經工作十個小時了。

　　4. 表示意向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示“原本……，未能……”。例如：

　　We had hoped that you would come, but you didn’t.我們本希望你能來，但是你沒來。

　　5. 過去完成時與一般過去時的區別：

　　(1) 過去完成時與一般過去時都可以和確定的過去時間狀語連用，但意思有明顯區別。試比較：

　　He had finished his homework by eight. 他到八點鐘的時候已經完成家庭作業了。

　　He finished his homework at eight. 他在八點鐘完成了家庭作業。

　　(2) 用在賓語從句中，主句謂語為一般過去時的賓語從句中，既可用一般過去時，也可用過去完成時。但兩種時態的意義明顯不同。試比較：

　　He said he was a soldier. 他說他是位軍人。

　　He said he had been a soldier. 他說他曾當過兵。

　　(3) 在含有before的主從復合句中，一般情況下，在從句中使用一般過去時，主句中使用過去完成時。例如：

　　Jack had finished his homework before he went out shopping. 杰克在購物前已經完成了他的家庭作業。

　　注：before本身就能明確地表示時間的先后關系，故多數主從句均使用一般過去時，而無需使用過去完成時。例如：

　　Some people left for home before the film ended. 電影尚未放完，有些人就起身回家了。

　　英語過去完成時的例句

　　1. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.

　　2. The children ran away because they had broken the window.

　　2. By the time he was twenty, he had written five novels.

　　3. How many English songs had you learnt by the end of last term?

　　4. As soon as the sun had set, we returned to our hotel.

　　5. How long had Brown lived in the south before he came here?

　　6. When he had eaten his lunch he asked for a glass of water.

　　7. I hadn’t understood the problem until the teacher explained it.

　　8. They had just got home when it began to rain.

　　9. I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.

　　10. He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.

　　11. Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine

　　12. I didn’t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson.

　　13. I returned the book that I had borrowed.

　　14. I met Tom yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.

　　15. I thought I had sent the letter a week before.

　　16. When I woke up, it had already stopped raining.

　　17. We had hoped to be able to come and see you, but you were not at home.

　　18. It was the third time that he had been out of work that year.

　　19. We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.

　　20. They had planted six hundred trees by last Wednesday.